Channel characteristics refer to the properties and attributes of a communication channel through which information is transmitted. This includes factors such as bandwidth, capacity, noise, distortion, delay, and modulation. Channel characteristics affect the quality and reliability of communication, as well as the efficiency of data transmission. Understanding and analyzing channel characteristics is essential for designing and optimizing communication systems, such as wireless networks, optical fiber systems, and satellite links. Researchers in this area develop models, algorithms, and techniques to characterize and manage the performance of communication channels.